开发指南：为WordPress网站创建自定义在线问卷调查工具

引言：为什么需要自定义问卷调查工具

在当今数据驱动的互联网时代，问卷调查已成为网站收集用户反馈、进行市场研究、评估客户满意度的重要工具。虽然WordPress生态中有许多现成的问卷调查插件，如WPForms、Gravity Forms等，但这些通用解决方案往往无法完全满足特定业务需求。自定义问卷调查工具能够提供更精准的数据收集、更符合品牌形象的用户界面以及更灵活的集成能力。

通过WordPress代码二次开发实现自定义问卷调查工具，不仅可以节省长期使用付费插件的成本，还能确保工具完全按照您的业务流程和需求定制。本指南将详细介绍如何从零开始，为WordPress网站开发一个功能完善的自定义在线问卷调查工具。

第一章：开发前的准备工作

1.1 环境搭建与工具选择

在开始开发之前，需要确保具备以下环境：

1. 本地开发环境：推荐使用XAMPP、MAMP或Local by Flywheel搭建本地WordPress环境
2. 代码编辑器：Visual Studio Code、PHPStorm或Sublime Text
3. 版本控制：Git用于代码版本管理
4. 浏览器开发者工具：用于调试前端代码

1.2 需求分析与功能规划

在编写代码之前，明确问卷调查工具的核心需求：

1. 问卷创建与管理：后台界面用于创建、编辑和删除问卷
2. 问题类型支持：单选题、多选题、文本题、评分题等
3. 响应收集与存储：安全地存储用户提交的问卷数据
4. 数据分析与导出：后台查看统计结果并导出数据
5. 前端展示与交互：用户友好的问卷填写界面
6. 权限控制：限制问卷访问权限（公开/私有）

1.3 数据库设计

设计合理的数据库结构是开发成功的关键。我们需要创建以下数据表：

1. surveys表：存储问卷基本信息

   • id (主键)
   • title (问卷标题)
   • description (问卷描述)
   • status (状态：草稿/发布/归档)
   • created_at (创建时间)
   • updated_at (更新时间)

2. questions表：存储问题信息

   • id (主键)
   • survey_id (关联问卷ID)
   • question_text (问题文本)
   • question_type (问题类型：单选/多选/文本等)
   • options (选项，JSON格式存储)
   • required (是否必答)
   • sort_order (排序)

3. responses表：存储用户回答

   • id (主键)
   • survey_id (问卷ID)
   • question_id (问题ID)
   • answer (用户答案)
   • user_id (用户ID，匿名则为空)
   • submitted_at (提交时间)
   • session_id (会话ID，用于匿名用户跟踪)

第二章：创建基础插件结构

2.1 初始化插件文件

在WordPress的wp-content/plugins/目录下创建新文件夹custom-survey-tool，并创建以下基础文件：

custom-survey-tool/
├── custom-survey-tool.php      # 主插件文件
├── includes/
│   ├── class-database.php      # 数据库处理类
│   ├── class-survey.php        # 问卷核心类
│   ├── class-admin.php         # 后台管理类
│   └── class-frontend.php      # 前端展示类
├── admin/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── admin-style.css     # 后台样式
│   └── js/
│       └── admin-script.js     # 后台脚本
├── public/
│   ├── css/
│   │   └── public-style.css    # 前端样式
│   └── js/
│       └── public-script.js    # 前端脚本
├── templates/                  # 模板文件
└── assets/                     # 静态资源

2.2 主插件文件配置

编辑custom-survey-tool.php文件，添加插件基本信息：

<?php
/**
 * Plugin Name: 自定义问卷调查工具
 * Plugin URI:  https://yourwebsite.com/
 * Description: 为WordPress网站创建自定义在线问卷调查工具
 * Version:     1.0.0
 * Author:      您的名称
 * License:     GPL v2 or later
 * Text Domain: custom-survey-tool
 */

// 防止直接访问
if (!defined('ABSPATH')) {
    exit;
}

// 定义插件常量
define('CST_VERSION', '1.0.0');
define('CST_PLUGIN_DIR', plugin_dir_path(__FILE__));
define('CST_PLUGIN_URL', plugin_dir_url(__FILE__));

// 自动加载类文件
spl_autoload_register(function ($class_name) {
    $prefix = 'CST_';
    $base_dir = CST_PLUGIN_DIR . 'includes/';
    
    $len = strlen($prefix);
    if (strncmp($prefix, $class_name, $len) !== 0) {
        return;
    }
    
    $relative_class = substr($class_name, $len);
    $file = $base_dir . 'class-' . strtolower(str_replace('_', '-', $relative_class)) . '.php';
    
    if (file_exists($file)) {
        require_once $file;
    }
});

// 初始化插件
function cst_init() {
    // 检查WordPress版本
    if (version_compare(get_bloginfo('version'), '5.0', '<')) {
        wp_die(__('本插件需要WordPress 5.0或更高版本', 'custom-survey-tool'));
    }
    
    // 实例化核心类
    $database = new CST_Database();
    $survey = new CST_Survey();
    $admin = new CST_Admin();
    $frontend = new CST_Frontend();
    
    // 激活/停用钩子
    register_activation_hook(__FILE__, array($database, 'create_tables'));
    register_deactivation_hook(__FILE__, array($database, 'drop_tables'));
}
add_action('plugins_loaded', 'cst_init');

第三章：数据库与核心功能开发

3.1 数据库处理类

创建includes/class-database.php文件，处理数据库表的创建与维护：

<?php
class CST_Database {
    
    public function create_tables() {
        global $wpdb;
        
        $charset_collate = $wpdb->get_charset_collate();
        $table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
        
        // 创建问卷表
        $surveys_table = $table_prefix . 'surveys';
        $sql1 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $surveys_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            title varchar(255) NOT NULL,
            description text,
            status varchar(20) DEFAULT 'draft',
            created_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            updated_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            PRIMARY KEY (id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        // 创建问题表
        $questions_table = $table_prefix . 'questions';
        $sql2 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $questions_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            survey_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            question_text text NOT NULL,
            question_type varchar(50) NOT NULL,
            options text,
            required tinyint(1) DEFAULT 0,
            sort_order int(11) DEFAULT 0,
            PRIMARY KEY (id),
            KEY survey_id (survey_id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        // 创建回答表
        $responses_table = $table_prefix . 'responses';
        $sql3 = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $responses_table (
            id int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
            survey_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            question_id int(11) NOT NULL,
            answer text NOT NULL,
            user_id int(11) DEFAULT NULL,
            session_id varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL,
            submitted_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
            PRIMARY KEY (id),
            KEY survey_id (survey_id),
            KEY question_id (question_id),
            KEY user_id (user_id)
        ) $charset_collate;";
        
        require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php');
        dbDelta($sql1);
        dbDelta($sql2);
        dbDelta($sql3);
        
        // 添加默认数据（示例问卷）
        $this->add_sample_data();
    }
    
    private function add_sample_data() {
        global $wpdb;
        $table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
        
        // 检查是否已有数据
        $count = $wpdb->get_var("SELECT COUNT(*) FROM {$table_prefix}surveys");
        
        if ($count == 0) {
            // 添加示例问卷
            $wpdb->insert(
                $table_prefix . 'surveys',
                array(
                    'title' => '客户满意度调查',
                    'description' => '帮助我们改进服务的简短问卷',
                    'status' => 'published'
                )
            );
            
            $survey_id = $wpdb->insert_id;
            
            // 添加示例问题
            $sample_questions = array(
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您如何评价我们的产品质量？',
                    'question_type' => 'rating',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('min' => 1, 'max' => 5, 'labels' => array('非常差', '差', '一般', '好', '非常好'))),
                    'required' => 1,
                    'sort_order' => 1
                ),
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您是通过什么渠道了解到我们的？',
                    'question_type' => 'checkbox',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('搜索引擎', '社交媒体', '朋友推荐', '广告', '其他')),
                    'required' => 0,
                    'sort_order' => 2
                ),
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_text' => '您有什么改进建议？',
                    'question_type' => 'textarea',
                    'options' => json_encode(array('rows' => 4)),
                    'required' => 0,
                    'sort_order' => 3
                )
            );
            
            foreach ($sample_questions as $question) {
                $wpdb->insert($table_prefix . 'questions', $question);
            }
        }
    }
    
    public function drop_tables() {
        global $wpdb;
        
        $tables = array(
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_surveys',
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_questions',
            $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_responses'
        );
        
        foreach ($tables as $table) {
            $wpdb->query("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS $table");
        }
    }
}

3.2 问卷核心功能类

创建includes/class-survey.php文件，实现问卷的核心业务逻辑：

<?php
class CST_Survey {
    
    private $db;
    
    public function __construct() {
        global $wpdb;
        $this->db = $wpdb;
        $this->table_prefix = $wpdb->prefix . 'cst_';
    }
    
    // 获取所有问卷
    public function get_all_surveys($status = null) {
        $where = '';
        if ($status) {
            $where = $this->db->prepare("WHERE status = %s", $status);
        }
        
        return $this->db->get_results(
            "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}surveys $where ORDER BY created_at DESC"
        );
    }
    
    // 获取单个问卷
    public function get_survey($id) {
        return $this->db->get_row(
            $this->db->prepare(
                "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}surveys WHERE id = %d",
                $id
            )
        );
    }
    
    // 获取问卷的所有问题
    public function get_survey_questions($survey_id) {
        return $this->db->get_results(
            $this->db->prepare(
                "SELECT * FROM {$this->table_prefix}questions 
                 WHERE survey_id = %d 
                 ORDER BY sort_order ASC",
                $survey_id
            )
        );
    }
    
    // 创建新问卷
    public function create_survey($data) {
        $defaults = array(
            'title' => '新问卷',
            'description' => '',
            'status' => 'draft'
        );
        
        $data = wp_parse_args($data, $defaults);
        
        $this->db->insert(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            $data
        );
        
        return $this->db->insert_id;
    }
    
    // 更新问卷
    public function update_survey($id, $data) {
        return $this->db->update(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            $data,
            array('id' => $id)
        );
    }
    
    // 删除问卷
    public function delete_survey($id) {
        // 先删除相关问题
        $this->db->delete(
            $this->table_prefix . 'questions',
            array('survey_id' => $id)
        );
        
        // 再删除问卷
        return $this->db->delete(
            $this->table_prefix . 'surveys',
            array('id' => $id)
        );
    }
    
    // 添加问题到问卷
    public function add_question($survey_id, $data) {
        $defaults = array(
            'survey_id' => $survey_id,
            'question_text' => '新问题',
            'question_type' => 'text',
            'options' => '',
            'required' => 0,
            'sort_order' => 0
        );
        
        $data = wp_parse_args($data, $defaults);
        
        $this->db->insert(
            $this->table_prefix . 'questions',
            $data
        );
        
        return $this->db->insert_id;
    }
    
    // 提交问卷回答
    public function submit_response($survey_id, $responses, $user_id = null) {
        $session_id = $this->generate_session_id();
        
        foreach ($responses as $question_id => $answer) {
            // 处理多选答案
            if (is_array($answer)) {
                $answer = json_encode($answer);
            }
            
            $this->db->insert(
                $this->table_prefix . 'responses',
                array(
                    'survey_id' => $survey_id,
                    'question_id' => $question_id,
                    'answer' => $answer,
                    'user_id' => $user_id,
                    'session_id' => $session_id
                )
            );
        }
        
        return true;
    }
    
    // 获取问卷统计
    public function get_survey_stats($survey_id) {
        $questions = $this->get_survey_questions($survey_id);
        $stats = array();
        
        foreach ($questions as $question) {
            $answers = $this->db->get_results(
                $this->db->prepare(
                    "SELECT answer FROM {$this->table_prefix}responses 
                     WHERE survey_id = %d AND question_id = %d",
                    $survey_id,
                    $question->id
                )
            );
            
            $question_stats = array(
                'question' => $question->question_text,
                'type' => $question->question_type,
                'total_responses' => count($answers),
                'answers' => array()
            );
            
            // 根据问题类型统计答案
            if ($question->question_type === 'radio' || $question->question_type === 'checkbox') {
                $options = json_decode($question->options, true);
                $counts = array();
                
                foreach ($options as $option) {
                    $counts[$option] = 0;
                }
                
                foreach ($answers as $answer) {
                    if ($question->question_type === 'checkbox') {
                        $user_answers = json_decode($answer->answer, true);
                        if (is_array($user_answers)) {
                            foreach ($user_answers as $user_answer) {
                                if (isset($counts[$user_answer])) {
                                    $counts[$user_answer]++;
                                }
                            }
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (isset($counts[$answer->answer])) {
                            $counts[$answer->answer]++;
                        }
                    }
                }
                
                $question_stats['answers'] = $counts;
            } elseif ($question->question_type === 'rating') {
                $ratings = array();
                foreach ($answers as $answer) {
                    $ratings[] = intval($answer->answer);
                }
                
                if (!empty($ratings)) {
                    $question_stats['answers'] = array(
                        'average' => round(array_sum($ratings) / count($ratings), 2),
                        'min' => min($ratings),
                        'max' => max($ratings),
                        'distribution' => array_count_values($ratings)
                    );
                }
            }
            
            $stats[] = $question_stats;
        }
        
        return $stats;
    }
    
    private function generate_session_id() {
        return md5(uniqid(rand(), true) . $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR']);
    }
}

第四章：后台管理界面开发

4.1 管理类与菜单创建

创建includes/class-admin.php文件，实现后台管理功能：

<?php
class CST_Admin {
    
    private $survey;
    
    public function __construct() {
        $this->survey = new CST_Survey();
        
        // 添加管理菜单
        add_action('admin_menu', array($this, 'add_admin_menu'));
        
        // 加载脚本和样式
        add_action('admin_enqueue_scripts', array($this, 'enqueue_admin_scripts'));
        
        // 处理表单提交
        add_action('admin_post_cst_save_survey', array($this, 'save_survey'));
        add_action('admin_post_cst_delete_survey', array($this, 'delete_survey'));
    }
    

第四章：后台管理界面开发（续）

4.1 管理类与菜单创建（续）

    public function add_admin_menu() {
        // 主菜单
        add_menu_page(
            '问卷调查工具',
            '问卷调查',
            'manage_options',
            'custom-survey-tool',
            array($this, 'surveys_list_page'),
            'dashicons-feedback',
            30
        );
        
        // 子菜单
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '所有问卷',
            '所有问卷',
            'manage_options',
            'custom-survey-tool',
            array($this, 'surveys_list_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '添加新问卷',
            '添加新问卷',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-add-survey',
            array($this, 'add_survey_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '问卷统计',
            '问卷统计',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-survey-stats',
            array($this, 'survey_stats_page')
        );
        
        add_submenu_page(
            'custom-survey-tool',
            '插件设置',
            '设置',
            'manage_options',
            'cst-settings',
            array($this, 'settings_page')
        );
    }
    
    public function enqueue_admin_scripts($hook) {
        // 只在插件页面加载资源
        if (strpos($hook, 'custom-survey-tool') === false && 
            strpos($hook, 'cst-') === false) {
            return;
        }
        
        wp_enqueue_style(
            'cst-admin-style',
            CST_PLUGIN_URL . 'admin/css/admin-style.css',
            array(),
            CST_VERSION
        );
        
        wp_enqueue_script(
            'cst-admin-script',
            CST_PLUGIN_URL . 'admin/js/admin-script.js',
            array('jquery', 'jquery-ui-sortable'),
            CST_VERSION,
            true
        );
        
        // 本地化脚本
        wp_localize_script('cst-admin-script', 'cst_admin', array(
            'ajax_url' => admin_url('admin-ajax.php'),
            'nonce' => wp_create_nonce('cst_admin_nonce'),
            'confirm_delete' => __('确定要删除这个问卷吗？此操作不可撤销。', 'custom-survey-tool')
        ));
    }

4.2 问卷列表页面

    public function surveys_list_page() {
        $action = isset($_GET['action']) ? sanitize_text_field($_GET['action']) : 'list';
        $survey_id = isset($_GET['survey_id']) ? intval($_GET['survey_id']) : 0;
        
        switch ($action) {
            case 'edit':
                $this->edit_survey_page($survey_id);
                break;
            case 'view':
                $this->view_responses_page($survey_id);
                break;
            default:
                $this->display_surveys_list();
        }
    }
    
    private function display_surveys_list() {
        $surveys = $this->survey->get_all_surveys();
        ?>
        <div class="wrap cst-admin">
            <h1 class="wp-heading-inline">问卷调查</h1>
            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-add-survey'); ?>" class="page-title-action">
                添加新问卷
            </a>
            
            <?php if (isset($_GET['message'])): ?>
                <div class="notice notice-<?php echo sanitize_text_field($_GET['type'] ?? 'success'); ?> is-dismissible">
                    <p><?php echo esc_html($_GET['message']); ?></p>
                </div>
            <?php endif; ?>
            
            <div class="tablenav top">
                <div class="alignleft actions">
                    <select name="status_filter" id="status_filter">
                        <option value="">所有状态</option>
                        <option value="draft">草稿</option>
                        <option value="published">已发布</option>
                        <option value="archived">已归档</option>
                    </select>
                    <button class="button action" id="filter_action">筛选</button>
                </div>
                <br class="clear">
            </div>
            
            <table class="wp-list-table widefat fixed striped surveys">
                <thead>
                    <tr>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-id">ID</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-title">问卷标题</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-status">状态</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-questions">问题数</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-responses">回答数</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-date">创建时间</th>
                        <th scope="col" class="column-actions">操作</th>
                    </tr>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                    <?php if (empty($surveys)): ?>
                        <tr>
                            <td colspan="7" class="no-items">暂无问卷，请点击"添加新问卷"创建第一个问卷。</td>
                        </tr>
                    <?php else: ?>
                        <?php foreach ($surveys as $survey): 
                            $questions_count = $this->survey->get_questions_count($survey->id);
                            $responses_count = $this->survey->get_responses_count($survey->id);
                        ?>
                            <tr>
                                <td class="column-id"><?php echo $survey->id; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-title">
                                    <strong>
                                        <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">
                                            <?php echo esc_html($survey->title); ?>
                                        </a>
                                    </strong>
                                    <div class="row-actions">
                                        <span class="edit">
                                            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">编辑</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="view">
                                            <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-survey-stats&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>">统计</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="duplicate">
                                            <a href="#" class="duplicate-survey" data-id="<?php echo $survey->id; ?>">复制</a> |
                                        </span>
                                        <span class="trash">
                                            <a href="<?php echo wp_nonce_url(admin_url('admin-post.php?action=cst_delete_survey&survey_id=' . $survey->id), 'cst_delete_survey'); ?>" 
                                               class="submitdelete" onclick="return confirm('确定要删除这个问卷吗？')">删除</a>
                                        </span>
                                    </div>
                                </td>
                                <td class="column-status">
                                    <span class="status-badge status-<?php echo $survey->status; ?>">
                                        <?php 
                                        $status_labels = array(
                                            'draft' => '草稿',
                                            'published' => '已发布',
                                            'archived' => '已归档'
                                        );
                                        echo $status_labels[$survey->status] ?? $survey->status;
                                        ?>
                                    </span>
                                </td>
                                <td class="column-questions"><?php echo $questions_count; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-responses"><?php echo $responses_count; ?></td>
                                <td class="column-date"><?php echo date('Y-m-d H:i', strtotime($survey->created_at)); ?></td>
                                <td class="column-actions">
                                    <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=custom-survey-tool&action=edit&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>" 
                                       class="button button-small">编辑</a>
                                    <a href="<?php echo admin_url('admin.php?page=cst-survey-stats&survey_id=' . $survey->id); ?>" 
                                       class="button button-small">查看统计</a>
                                </td>
                            </tr>
                        <?php endforeach; ?>
                    <?php endif; ?>
                </tbody>
            </table>
        </div>
        <?php
    }

4.3 问卷编辑页面

    private function edit_survey_page($survey_id) {
        $survey = $this->survey->get_survey($survey_id);
        $questions = $this->survey->get_survey_questions($survey_id);
        
        if (!$survey) {
            wp_die('问卷不存在');
        }
        ?>
        <div class="wrap cst-admin">
            <h1>编辑问卷: <?php echo esc_html($survey->title); ?></h1>
            
            <form method="post" action="<?php echo admin_url('admin-post.php'); ?>" id="survey-form">
                <input type="hidden" name="action" value="cst_save_survey">
                <input type="hidden" name="survey_id" value="<?php echo $survey_id; ?>">
                <?php wp_nonce_field('cst_save_survey', 'cst_nonce'); ?>
                
                <div id="poststuff">
                    <div id="post-body" class="metabox-holder columns-2">
                        
                        <!-- 主内容区 -->
                        <div id="post-body-content">
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷基本信息</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <table class="form-table">
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_title">问卷标题</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="text" id="survey_title" name="survey_title" 
                                                       value="<?php echo esc_attr($survey->title); ?>" 
                                                       class="regular-text" required>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_description">问卷描述</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <textarea id="survey_description" name="survey_description" 
                                                          rows="3" class="large-text"><?php echo esc_textarea($survey->description); ?></textarea>
                                                <p class="description">显示在问卷开头的描述文字</p>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="survey_status">状态</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <select id="survey_status" name="survey_status">
                                                    <option value="draft" <?php selected($survey->status, 'draft'); ?>>草稿</option>
                                                    <option value="published" <?php selected($survey->status, 'published'); ?>>已发布</option>
                                                    <option value="archived" <?php selected($survey->status, 'archived'); ?>>已归档</option>
                                                </select>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    </table>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <!-- 问题管理区域 -->
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷问题</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <div id="questions-container" class="sortable-questions">
                                        <?php if (empty($questions)): ?>
                                            <p class="no-questions">暂无问题，点击下方"添加问题"按钮开始添加。</p>
                                        <?php else: ?>
                                            <?php foreach ($questions as $index => $question): ?>
                                                <?php $this->render_question_editor($question, $index); ?>
                                            <?php endforeach; ?>
                                        <?php endif; ?>
                                    </div>
                                    
                                    <div class="add-question-section">
                                        <button type="button" id="add-question" class="button button-primary">
                                            <span class="dashicons dashicons-plus"></span> 添加问题
                                        </button>
                                        
                                        <div class="question-type-selector" style="display: none;">
                                            <select id="new-question-type">
                                                <option value="text">单行文本</option>
                                                <option value="textarea">多行文本</option>
                                                <option value="radio">单选题</option>
                                                <option value="checkbox">多选题</option>
                                                <option value="select">下拉选择</option>
                                                <option value="rating">评分题</option>
                                                <option value="date">日期选择</option>
                                                <option value="email">邮箱地址</option>
                                            </select>
                                            <button type="button" id="confirm-add-question" class="button">确认添加</button>
                                            <button type="button" id="cancel-add-question" class="button button-link">取消</button>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                        
                        <!-- 侧边栏 -->
                        <div id="postbox-container-1" class="postbox-container">
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">发布</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <div class="submitbox">
                                        <div id="major-publishing-actions">
                                            <div id="publishing-action">
                                                <span class="spinner"></span>
                                                <input type="submit" name="save_survey" 
                                                       value="保存问卷" class="button button-primary button-large">
                                            </div>
                                            <div class="clear"></div>
                                        </div>
                                    </div>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷短码</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <p>将以下短码插入到文章或页面中显示此问卷：</p>
                                    <input type="text" value="[custom_survey id='<?php echo $survey_id; ?>']" 
                                           class="large-text code" readonly onclick="this.select();">
                                    <p class="description">复制此短码并粘贴到任何文章或页面中</p>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                            
                            <div class="postbox">
                                <h2 class="hndle">问卷设置</h2>
                                <div class="inside">
                                    <table class="form-table">
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="allow_anonymous">允许匿名提交</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="allow_anonymous" name="allow_anonymous" value="1" checked>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="limit_one_response">限制每人提交一次</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="limit_one_response" name="limit_one_response" value="1">
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                        <tr>
                                            <th><label for="show_progress">显示进度条</label></th>
                                            <td>
                                                <input type="checkbox" id="show_progress" name="show_progress" value="1" checked>
                                            </td>
                                        </tr>
                                    </table>
                                </div>
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </form>
        </div>
        <?php
    }
    
    private function render_question_editor($question, $index) {
        $options = json_decode($question->options, true);
        ?>
        <div class="question-editor" data-index="<?php echo $index; ?>" data-id="<?php echo $question->id; ?>">
            <div class="question-header">
                <span class="question-number">问题 <?php echo $index + 1; ?></span>
                <span class="question-type-badge"><?php echo $this->get_question_type_label($question->question_type); ?></span>
                <button type="button" class="delete-question" title="删除问题">
                    <span class="dashicons dashicons-trash"></span>
                </button>
                <button type="button" class="toggle-question" title="展开/收起">
                    <span class="dashicons dashicons-arrow-down"></span>
                </button>
            </div>
            
            <div class="question-body">
                <div class="question-main">
                    <input type="hidden" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][id]" value="<?php echo $question->id; ?>">
                    <input type="hidden" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][type]" value="<?php echo $question->question_type; ?>">
                    
                    <div class="form-field">
                        <label>问题内容</label>
                        <input type="text" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][text]" 
                               value="<?php echo esc_attr($question->question_text); ?>" 
                               class="regular-text question-text" required>
                    </div>
                    
                    <div class="form-field">
                        <label>
                            <input type="checkbox" name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][required]" value="1" 
                                   <?php checked($question->required, 1); ?>> 必填问题
                        </label>
                    </div>
                    
                    <!-- 选项配置区域（根据问题类型显示） -->
                    <div class="question-options" data-type="<?php echo $question->question_type; ?>">
                        <?php $this->render_question_options($question->question_type, $options, $index); ?>
                    </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
        <?php
    }
    
    private function render_question_options($type, $options, $index) {
        switch ($type) {
            case 'radio':
            case 'checkbox':
            case 'select':
                ?>
                <div class="form-field">
                    <label>选项（每行一个）</label>
                    <textarea name="questions[<?php echo $index; ?>][options]" 
                              rows="5" class="large-text"><?php 
                        if (is_array($options)) {
                            echo implode("n", $options);
                        }
                    ?></textarea>
                    <p class="description">每个选项单独一行</p>
                </div>
                <?php
                break;
                
            case 'rating':
                $min = $options['min'] ?? 1;
                $max = $options['max'] ?? 5;
                $labels = $options['labels'] ?? array();
                ?>