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实操指南：配置多币种价格展示的4个灵活技巧

跨境电商轻量软件 EXCHANGES® · 2026年1月25日 12:01 · 4阅读 · 评论关闭

实操指南：配置多币种价格展示的4个灵活技巧

引言：为什么多币种展示对现代电商至关重要

在全球化电商时代，面向国际客户的网站必须提供多币种价格展示功能。根据Statista的数据，超过70%的在线消费者更倾向于使用本地货币查看价格，这能显著提升转化率。对于基于WordPress的电商网站而言，实现灵活的多币种展示不仅提升用户体验，还能扩大国际市场覆盖。

WordPress作为全球最流行的内容管理系统，拥有丰富的插件生态和灵活的代码架构，为开发者提供了多种实现多币种展示的途径。本指南将深入探讨四种实用技巧，从简单插件配置到高级代码开发，帮助行业新人和程序员根据项目需求选择合适方案。

技巧一：利用WooCommerce多币种插件实现快速部署

1.1 插件选择与评估标准

对于刚入行的开发者或时间紧迫的项目，使用成熟插件是最快捷的解决方案。以下是几款优秀的WooCommerce多币种插件：

  • Currency Switcher for WooCommerce：提供自动汇率更新和地理定位功能
  • WooCommerce Multi-Currency：支持固定汇率和手动汇率设置
  • Aelia Currency Switcher：企业级解决方案，支持多种定价策略

选择插件时应考虑以下因素：

  • 汇率更新机制（自动/手动）
  • 与当前主题和插件的兼容性
  • 地理定位准确度
  • 缓存处理机制
  • 性能影响评估

1.2 插件配置最佳实践

以Currency Switcher for WooCommerce为例，以下是详细配置步骤：

// 示例：通过代码增强插件功能
add_filter('woocommerce_currency_switcher_settings', 'custom_currency_settings');
function custom_currency_settings($settings) {
    // 添加自定义货币
    $settings['additional_currencies'][] = array(
        'currency' => 'CNY',
        'rate' => 6.5,
        'label' => '人民币'
    );
    
    // 设置默认显示货币
    $settings['default_currency'] = 'USD';
    
    // 启用地理定位
    $settings['enable_geoip'] = true;
    
    return $settings;
}

// 添加货币切换器到指定位置
add_action('woocommerce_before_add_to_cart_button', 'display_currency_switcher');
function display_currency_switcher() {
    if (function_exists('currency_switcher_form')) {
        currency_switcher_form();
    }
}

1.3 性能优化与缓存策略

多币种插件可能影响网站性能，特别是当使用实时汇率时。以下优化建议：

  1. 实施缓存机制：缓存转换后的价格，避免每次页面加载都进行汇率计算
  2. 设置合理的更新频率：非关键货币可设置较长的汇率更新间隔
  3. 使用CDN地理定位：减轻服务器地理定位负担
  4. 异步加载汇率数据：避免阻塞页面渲染

技巧二：自定义汇率API集成与实时更新

2.1 选择可靠的汇率数据源

对于需要实时汇率或插件无法满足需求的项目，集成第三方汇率API是理想选择。以下是推荐的API服务：

  • ExchangeRate-API：免费层提供1500次/月请求，支持170种货币
  • Open Exchange Rates：提供灵活的付费方案，数据更新频繁
  • CurrencyLayer：简单易用，提供实时和历史汇率数据

2.2 构建自定义汇率管理模块

以下代码展示如何创建自定义汇率管理功能：

// 汇率管理器类
class Custom_Exchange_Rate_Manager {
    private $api_key;
    private $base_currency;
    private $cache_duration;
    
    public function __construct($api_key, $base_currency = 'USD', $cache_duration = 3600) {
        $this->api_key = $api_key;
        $this->base_currency = $base_currency;
        $this->cache_duration = $cache_duration;
    }
    
    // 获取实时汇率
    public function get_live_rates($currencies = array()) {
        $cache_key = 'custom_exchange_rates_' . md5(implode(',', $currencies));
        $cached_rates = get_transient($cache_key);
        
        if ($cached_rates !== false) {
            return $cached_rates;
        }
        
        $api_url = add_query_arg(array(
            'access_key' => $this->api_key,
            'base' => $this->base_currency,
            'symbols' => implode(',', $currencies)
        ), 'http://api.exchangeratesapi.io/v1/latest');
        
        $response = wp_remote_get($api_url);
        
        if (is_wp_error($response)) {
            // 失败时使用备用数据源或缓存数据
            return $this->get_fallback_rates($currencies);
        }
        
        $data = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
        
        if (isset($data['rates'])) {
            set_transient($cache_key, $data['rates'], $this->cache_duration);
            return $data['rates'];
        }
        
        return $this->get_fallback_rates($currencies);
    }
    
    // 备用汇率数据
    private function get_fallback_rates($currencies) {
        $default_rates = array(
            'USD' => 1.0,
            'EUR' => 0.85,
            'GBP' => 0.73,
            'JPY' => 110.5,
            'CAD' => 1.25
        );
        
        $result = array();
        foreach ($currencies as $currency) {
            $result[$currency] = isset($default_rates[$currency]) ? 
                $default_rates[$currency] : 1.0;
        }
        
        return $result;
    }
    
    // 转换价格
    public function convert_price($price, $from_currency, $to_currency) {
        if ($from_currency === $to_currency) {
            return $price;
        }
        
        $rates = $this->get_live_rates(array($from_currency, $to_currency));
        
        if (!isset($rates[$from_currency]) || !isset($rates[$to_currency])) {
            return $price;
        }
        
        // 转换为基准货币，再转换为目标货币
        $base_price = $price / $rates[$from_currency];
        return round($base_price * $rates[$to_currency], 2);
    }
}

// 初始化汇率管理器
$exchange_manager = new Custom_Exchange_Rate_Manager('YOUR_API_KEY');

// 在WooCommerce中应用汇率转换
add_filter('woocommerce_product_get_price', 'custom_currency_conversion', 10, 2);
function custom_currency_conversion($price, $product) {
    if (is_admin() || !is_numeric($price)) {
        return $price;
    }
    
    global $exchange_manager;
    
    // 获取用户选择的货币（可从会话或Cookie中获取）
    $user_currency = isset($_COOKIE['user_currency']) ? 
        sanitize_text_field($_COOKIE['user_currency']) : 'USD';
    
    // 如果用户货币不是商店默认货币，进行转换
    $store_currency = get_woocommerce_currency();
    
    if ($user_currency !== $store_currency) {
        $price = $exchange_manager->convert_price($price, $store_currency, $user_currency);
    }
    
    return $price;
}

2.3 汇率更新与错误处理机制

为确保汇率数据的可靠性，需要实现以下机制：

  1. 定时任务更新：使用WP Cron定期更新汇率
  2. 失败重试逻辑：API请求失败时自动重试
  3. 数据验证：检查获取的汇率数据是否合理
  4. 降级方案：当所有API都失败时使用最后已知的有效汇率
// 设置定时任务更新汇率
add_action('wp', 'schedule_exchange_rate_updates');
function schedule_exchange_rate_updates() {
    if (!wp_next_scheduled('update_exchange_rates_daily')) {
        wp_schedule_event(time(), 'daily', 'update_exchange_rates_daily');
    }
}

add_action('update_exchange_rates_daily', 'update_exchange_rates');
function update_exchange_rates() {
    global $exchange_manager;
    
    $currencies = array('USD', 'EUR', 'GBP', 'JPY', 'CAD', 'AUD');
    $rates = $exchange_manager->get_live_rates($currencies);
    
    // 存储到数据库选项
    update_option('custom_exchange_rates', $rates);
    update_option('custom_exchange_rates_updated', current_time('mysql'));
}

技巧三：基于地理定位的智能货币切换

3.1 地理定位技术选择

根据用户地理位置自动显示当地货币能极大提升用户体验。以下是几种实现方式：

  1. IP地址定位：使用免费或付费IP地理定位数据库
  2. HTML5 Geolocation API：获取用户精确位置（需要用户授权）
  3. 混合方法：优先使用IP定位，失败时回退到默认货币

3.2 实现智能货币检测与切换

// 地理定位货币检测类
class Geo_Currency_Detector {
    private $ip_api_service;
    private $default_currency;
    
    public function __construct($default_currency = 'USD') {
        $this->default_currency = $default_currency;
        $this->ip_api_service = 'http://ip-api.com/json/';
    }
    
    // 根据IP检测国家
    public function detect_country_by_ip($ip = null) {
        if ($ip === null) {
            $ip = $this->get_user_ip();
        }
        
        $cache_key = 'geo_country_' . $ip;
        $cached_country = get_transient($cache_key);
        
        if ($cached_country !== false) {
            return $cached_country;
        }
        
        $response = wp_remote_get($this->ip_api_service . $ip);
        
        if (is_wp_error($response)) {
            return false;
        }
        
        $data = json_decode(wp_remote_retrieve_body($response), true);
        
        if (isset($data['countryCode'])) {
            set_transient($cache_key, $data['countryCode'], DAY_IN_SECONDS);
            return $data['countryCode'];
        }
        
        return false;
    }
    
    // 获取用户IP地址
    private function get_user_ip() {
        $ip_keys = array('HTTP_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_X_FORWARDED', 
                        'HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP', 'HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR', 'HTTP_FORWARDED', 'REMOTE_ADDR');
        
        foreach ($ip_keys as $key) {
            if (array_key_exists($key, $_SERVER) === true) {
                foreach (explode(',', $_SERVER[$key]) as $ip) {
                    $ip = trim($ip);
                    if (filter_var($ip, FILTER_VALIDATE_IP, FILTER_FLAG_NO_PRIV_RANGE | FILTER_FLAG_NO_RES_RANGE) !== false) {
                        return $ip;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        return $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] ?? '127.0.0.1';
    }
    
    // 国家代码到货币的映射
    public function country_to_currency($country_code) {
        $country_currency_map = array(
            'US' => 'USD', 'GB' => 'GBP', 'DE' => 'EUR', 'FR' => 'EUR',
            'IT' => 'EUR', 'ES' => 'EUR', 'CA' => 'CAD', 'AU' => 'AUD',
            'JP' => 'JPY', 'CN' => 'CNY', 'IN' => 'INR', 'BR' => 'BRL',
            'RU' => 'RUB', 'KR' => 'KRW', 'MX' => 'MXN'
        );
        
        return isset($country_currency_map[$country_code]) ? 
            $country_currency_map[$country_code] : $this->default_currency;
    }
    
    // 检测并设置用户货币
    public function detect_and_set_currency() {
        // 检查是否已有用户选择的货币
        if (isset($_COOKIE['user_selected_currency']) && $_COOKIE['user_selected_currency'] !== 'auto') {
            return;
        }
        
        $country_code = $this->detect_country_by_ip();
        
        if ($country_code) {
            $currency = $this->country_to_currency($country_code);
            
            // 设置会话或Cookie
            if (!isset($_COOKIE['user_currency'])) {
                setcookie('user_currency', $currency, time() + (30 * DAY_IN_SECONDS), '/');
                $_COOKIE['user_currency'] = $currency;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 初始化地理定位检测
add_action('init', 'init_geo_currency_detection');
function init_geo_currency_detection() {
    $detector = new Geo_Currency_Detector();
    $detector->detect_and_set_currency();
}

3.3 用户偏好与隐私考虑

在实现地理定位时，必须尊重用户隐私和选择权：

  1. 提供明确选项：允许用户手动选择货币，覆盖自动检测
  2. 隐私政策说明：明确告知用户如何使用位置数据
  3. GDPR合规：为欧盟用户提供适当的隐私保护
  4. 退出机制：提供简单的方法禁用地理定位功能
// 货币选择器小工具
add_action('widgets_init', 'register_currency_selector_widget');
function register_currency_selector_widget() {
    register_widget('Currency_Selector_Widget');
}

class Currency_Selector_Widget extends WP_Widget {
    public function __construct() {
        parent::__construct(
            'currency_selector',
            __('货币选择器', 'text_domain'),
            array('description' => __('允许用户选择偏好的货币', 'text_domain'))
        );
    }
    
    public function widget($args, $instance) {
        echo $args['before_widget'];
        
        if (!empty($instance['title'])) {
            echo $args['before_title'] . apply_filters('widget_title', $instance['title']) . $args['after_title'];
        }
        
        $available_currencies = array('USD', 'EUR', 'GBP', 'JPY', 'CAD', 'AUD');
        $current_currency = isset($_COOKIE['user_currency']) ? $_COOKIE['user_currency'] : 'USD';
        
        echo '<form method="post" class="currency-selector-form">';
        echo '<select name="selected_currency" class="currency-select">';
        
        foreach ($available_currencies as $currency) {
            $selected = ($currency === $current_currency) ? 'selected' : '';
            echo '<option value="' . esc_attr($currency) . '" ' . $selected . '>' . esc_html($currency) . '</option>';
        }
        
        echo '<option value="auto">' . __('自动检测', 'text_domain') . '</option>';
        echo '</select>';
        
        wp_nonce_field('update_currency_preference', 'currency_nonce');
        echo '<button type="submit" class="button currency-update-btn">' . __('更新', 'text_domain') . '</button>';
        echo '</form>';
        
        echo '<p class="currency-privacy-notice">' . 
             __('我们使用地理定位为您显示本地货币。您随时可以手动选择其他货币。', 'text_domain') . 
             '</p>';
        
        echo $args['after_widget'];
    }
    
    public function update($new_instance, $old_instance) {
        $instance = array();
        $instance['title'] = (!empty($new_instance['title'])) ? strip_tags($new_instance['title']) : '';
        return $instance;
    }
    
    public function form($instance) {
        $title = !empty($instance['title']) ? $instance['title'] : __('选择货币', 'text_domain');
        ?>
        <p>
            <label for="<?php echo esc_attr($this->get_field_id('title')); ?>">
                <?php esc_attr_e('标题:', 'text_domain'); ?>
            </label>
            <input class="widefat" id="<?php echo esc_attr($this->get_field_id('title')); ?>"
                   name="<?php echo esc_attr($this->get_field_name('title')); ?>"
                   type="text" value="<?php echo esc_attr($title); ?>">
        </p>
        <?php
    }
}

// 处理货币选择表单提交
add_action('init', 'handle_currency_selection');
function handle_currency_selection() {
    if (isset($_POST['selected_currency']) && isset($_POST['currency_nonce']) && 
        wp_verify_nonce($_POST['currency_nonce'], 'update_currency_preference')) {
        
        $selected_currency = sanitize_text_field($_POST['selected_currency']);
        
        // 设置Cookie，有效期30天
        setcookie('user_selected_currency', $selected_currency, time() + (30 * DAY_IN_SECONDS), '/');
        
        if ($selected_currency === 'auto') {
            // 如果选择自动检测，删除手动选择的货币Cookie
            setcookie('user_currency', '', time() - 3600, '/');
            unset($_COOKIE['user_currency']);
        } else {
            setcookie('user_currency', $selected_currency, time() + (30 * DAY_IN_SECONDS), '/');
            $_COOKIE['user_currency'] = $selected_currency;
        }
        
        // 重定向回原页面，避免重复提交
        wp_safe_redirect(remove_query_arg('updated', wp_get_referer()));
        exit;
    }
}

技巧四：高级定制与性能优化策略

4.1 多层级缓存架构设计

对于高流量网站，高效的缓存策略至关重要：

// 多级缓存管理器
class Multi_Currency_Cache_Manager {

private $cache_layers;


public function __construct() {
    $this->cache_layers = array(
        'transient' => true,    // WordPress瞬态缓存
        'object' => true,       // 对象缓存
        'static' => true        // 静态变量缓存
    );
    
    // 初始化静态缓存数组
    static $static_cache = array();
}

// 获取缓存数据
public function get($key, $group = 'currency') {
    $cache_key = $group . '_' . $key;
    
    // 1. 检查静态缓存
    static $static_cache = array();
    if ($this->cache_layers['static'] && isset($static_cache[$cache_key])) {
        return $static_cache[$cache_key];
    }
    
    // 2. 检查对象缓存
    if ($this->cache_layers['object']) {
        $object_cache = wp_cache_get($cache_key, $group);
        if ($object_cache !== false) {
            // 填充静态缓存
            $static_cache[$cache_key] = $object_cache;
            return $object_cache;
        }
    }
    
    // 3. 检查瞬态缓存
    if ($this->cache_layers['transient']) {
        $transient_cache = get_transient($cache_key);
        if ($transient_cache !== false) {
            // 填充上层缓存
            wp_cache_set($cache_key, $transient_cache, $group, HOUR_IN_SECONDS);
            $static_cache[$cache_key] = $transient_cache;
            return $transient_cache;
        }
    }
    
    return false;
}

// 设置缓存数据
public function set($key, $data, $group = 'currency', $expiration = HOUR_IN_SECONDS) {
    $cache_key = $group . '_' . $key;
    
    // 1. 设置静态缓存
    static $static_cache = array();
    if ($this->cache_layers['static']) {
        $static_cache[$cache_key] = $data;
    }
    
    // 2. 设置对象缓存
    if ($this->cache_layers['object']) {
        wp_cache_set($cache_key, $data, $group, $expiration);
    }
    
    // 3. 设置瞬态缓存
    if ($this->cache_layers['transient']) {
        set_transient($cache_key, $data, $expiration);
    }
    
    return true;
}

// 清除缓存
public function delete($key, $group = 'currency') {
    $cache_key = $group . '_' . $key;
    
    // 清除所有层级的缓存
    static $static_cache = array();
    unset($static_cache[$cache_key]);
    
    wp_cache_delete($cache_key, $group);
    delete_transient($cache_key);
    
    return true;
}

}

// 使用缓存管理器的价格转换函数
add_filter('woocommerce_product_get_price', 'cached_currency_conversion', 20, 2);
function cached_currency_conversion($price, $product) {

if (is_admin() || !is_numeric($price)) {
    return $price;
}

$cache_manager = new Multi_Currency_Cache_Manager();
$user_currency = isset($_COOKIE['user_currency']) ? 
    sanitize_text_field($_COOKIE['user_currency']) : get_woocommerce_currency();
$store_currency = get_woocommerce_currency();

// 如果用户货币与商店货币相同，无需转换
if ($user_currency === $store_currency) {
    return $price;
}

// 生成缓存键
$cache_key = md5("price_{$product->get_id()}_{$price}_{$store_currency}_{$user_currency}");

// 尝试从缓存获取转换后的价格
$cached_price = $cache_manager->get($cache_key, 'converted_prices');

if ($cached_price !== false) {
    return $cached_price;
}

// 缓存未命中，进行实际转换
global $exchange_manager;
$converted_price = $exchange_manager->convert_price($price, $store_currency, $user_currency);

// 存储到缓存（价格变化不频繁，可缓存较长时间）
$cache_manager->set($cache_key, $converted_price, 'converted_prices', 6 * HOUR_IN_SECONDS);

return $converted_price;

}


### 4.2 批量处理与AJAX优化

对于产品列表页等需要大量价格转换的场景，批量处理能显著提升性能：

// 批量价格转换类
class Batch_Currency_Converter {

private $exchange_manager;
private $batch_size;

public function __construct($exchange_manager, $batch_size = 50) {
    $this->exchange_manager = $exchange_manager;
    $this->batch_size = $batch_size;
}

// 批量转换产品价格
public function convert_product_prices($products, $from_currency, $to_currency) {
    $converted_products = array();
    $batch_count = ceil(count($products) / $this->batch_size);
    
    for ($i = 0; $i < $batch_count; $i++) {
        $batch = array_slice($products, $i * $this->batch_size, $this->batch_size);
        $converted_batch = $this->process_batch($batch, $from_currency, $to_currency);
        $converted_products = array_merge($converted_products, $converted_batch);
        
        // 避免超时，批量处理间添加微小延迟
        if ($i < $batch_count - 1) {
            usleep(100000); // 0.1秒延迟
        }
    }
    
    return $converted_products;
}

private function process_batch($products, $from_currency, $to_currency) {
    $converted = array();
    
    foreach ($products as $product) {
        if (is_object($product) && method_exists($product, 'get_price')) {
            $original_price = $product->get_price();
            $converted_price = $this->exchange_manager->convert_price(
                $original_price, 
                $from_currency, 
                $to_currency
            );
            
            // 创建产品副本并设置转换后的价格
            $converted_product = clone $product;
            $converted_product->converted_price = $converted_price;
            $converted_product->original_currency = $from_currency;
            $converted_product->display_currency = $to_currency;
            
            $converted[] = $converted_product;
        }
    }
    
    return $converted;
}

}

// AJAX端点用于动态货币切换
add_action('wp_ajax_update_currency_display', 'ajax_update_currency_display');
add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_update_currency_display', 'ajax_update_currency_display');
function ajax_update_currency_display() {

// 验证nonce
if (!isset($_POST['nonce']) || !wp_verify_nonce($_POST['nonce'], 'currency_switch_nonce')) {
    wp_die('安全验证失败');
}

$new_currency = sanitize_text_field($_POST['currency']);
$product_ids = isset($_POST['product_ids']) ? array_map('intval', $_POST['product_ids']) : array();

// 设置用户货币偏好
setcookie('user_currency', $new_currency, time() + (30 * DAY_IN_SECONDS), '/');
$_COOKIE['user_currency'] = $new_currency;

// 批量获取产品价格
$response_data = array(
    'currency' => $new_currency,
    'products' => array(),
    'symbol' => get_woocommerce_currency_symbol($new_currency)
);

if (!empty($product_ids)) {
    global $exchange_manager;
    $converter = new Batch_Currency_Converter($exchange_manager);
    
    $products = array();
    foreach ($product_ids as $product_id) {
        $product = wc_get_product($product_id);
        if ($product) {
            $products[] = $product;
        }
    }
    
    $store_currency = get_woocommerce_currency();
    $converted_products = $converter->convert_product_prices($products, $store_currency, $new_currency);
    
    foreach ($converted_products as $product) {
        $response_data['products'][$product->get_id()] = array(
            'price' => wc_price($product->converted_price, array('currency' => $new_currency)),
            'regular_price' => isset($product->regular_price) ? 
                wc_price($product->converted_price, array('currency' => $new_currency)) : '',
            'sale_price' => isset($product->sale_price) ? 
                wc_price($product->converted_price, array('currency' => $new_currency)) : ''
        );
    }
}

wp_send_json_success($response_data);

}

// 在前端添加AJAX货币切换功能
add_action('wp_footer', 'add_currency_ajax_script');
function add_currency_ajax_script() {

if (!is_woocommerce() && !is_cart() && !is_checkout()) {
    return;
}
?>
<script type="text/javascript">
jQuery(document).ready(function($) {
    // 货币切换处理
    $('.currency-switcher').on('change', function() {
        var newCurrency = $(this).val();
        var productIds = [];
        
        // 收集当前页面的产品ID
        $('.product').each(function() {
            var productId = $(this).data('product-id');
            if (productId) {
                productIds.push(productId);
            }
        });
        
        // 显示加载状态
        $('.price').addClass('updating').html('<span class="loading">...</span>');
        
        // 发送AJAX请求
        $.ajax({
            url: '<?php echo admin_url('admin-ajax.php'); ?>',
            type: 'POST',
            data: {
                action: 'update_currency_display',
                currency: newCurrency,
                product_ids: productIds,
                nonce: '<?php echo wp_create_nonce('currency_switch_nonce'); ?>'
            },
            success: function(response) {
                if (response.success) {
                    // 更新价格显示
                    $.each(response.data.products, function(productId, prices) {
                        $('[data-product-id="' + productId + '"] .price').html(prices.price);
                        if (prices.regular_price) {
                            $('[data-product-id="' + productId + '"] .regular-price').html(prices.regular_price);
                        }
                        if (prices.sale_price) {
                            $('[data-product-id="' + productId + '"] .sale-price').html(prices.sale_price);
                        }
                    });
                    
                    // 更新货币符号
                    $('.currency-symbol').text(response.data.symbol);
                    
                    // 更新购物车中的价格（如果有）
                    updateCartPrices(newCurrency);
                }
            },
            complete: function() {
                $('.price').removeClass('updating');
            }
        });
    });
    
    function updateCartPrices(currency) {
        // 这里可以添加购物车价格更新逻辑
        // 可能需要重新加载购物车片段或发送另一个AJAX请求
    }
});
</script>
<?php

}


### 4.3 数据库优化与索引策略

当产品数量庞大时，数据库优化变得至关重要：

// 数据库优化类
class Currency_DB_Optimizer {


// 创建汇率历史表
public static function create_exchange_rate_tables() {
    global $wpdb;
    
    $charset_collate = $wpdb->get_charset_collate();
    $table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_exchange_rates';
    $history_table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_rate_history';
    
    // 主汇率表
    $sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $table_name (
        id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
        base_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        target_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        exchange_rate decimal(12,6) NOT NULL,
        last_updated datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
        source varchar(50) DEFAULT 'api',
        is_active tinyint(1) DEFAULT 1,
        PRIMARY KEY (id),
        UNIQUE KEY currency_pair (base_currency, target_currency),
        KEY last_updated (last_updated),
        KEY is_active (is_active)
    ) $charset_collate;";
    
    // 汇率历史表
    $sql .= "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS $history_table_name (
        id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
        base_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        target_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        exchange_rate decimal(12,6) NOT NULL,
        recorded_at datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
        source varchar(50) DEFAULT 'api',
        PRIMARY KEY (id),
        KEY currency_pair_date (base_currency, target_currency, recorded_at),
        KEY recorded_at (recorded_at)
    ) $charset_collate;";
    
    require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php');
    dbDelta($sql);
}

// 批量更新汇率数据
public static function batch_update_rates($rates, $base_currency = 'USD') {
    global $wpdb;
    $table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_exchange_rates';
    
    $values = array();
    $placeholders = array();
    $now = current_time('mysql');
    
    foreach ($rates as $currency => $rate) {
        if ($currency !== $base_currency) {
            $values[] = $base_currency;
            $values[] = $currency;
            $values[] = floatval($rate);
            $values[] = $now;
            $placeholders[] = "(%s, %s, %f, %s)";
        }
    }
    
    if (empty($values)) {
        return false;
    }
    
    $query = "INSERT INTO $table_name 
              (base_currency, target_currency, exchange_rate, last_updated) 
              VALUES " . implode(', ', $placeholders) . "
              ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE 
              exchange_rate = VALUES(exchange_rate),
              last_updated = VALUES(last_updated)";
    
    return $wpdb->query($wpdb->prepare($query, $values));
}

// 获取历史汇率数据用于分析
public static function get_rate_history($base_currency, $target_currency, $days = 30) {
    global $wpdb;
    $history_table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_rate_history';
    
    $query = $wpdb->prepare(
        "SELECT DATE(recorded_at) as date, 
                AVG(exchange_rate) as avg_rate,
                MIN(exchange_rate) as min_rate,
                MAX(exchange_rate) as max_rate
         FROM $history_table_name
         WHERE base_currency = %s 
           AND target_currency = %s
           AND recorded_at >= DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL %d DAY)
         GROUP BY DATE(recorded_at)
         ORDER BY date DESC",
        $base_currency,
        $target_currency,
        $days
    );
    
    return $wpdb->get_results($query);
}

// 清理旧数据
public static function cleanup_old_data($days_to_keep = 90) {
    global $wpdb;
    $history_table_name = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_rate_history';
    
    return $wpdb->query(
        $wpdb->prepare(
            "DELETE FROM $history_table_name 
             WHERE recorded_at < DATE_SUB(NOW(), INTERVAL %d DAY)",
            $days_to_keep
        )
    );
}

}

// 在插件激活时创建表
register_activation_hook(__FILE__, array('Currency_DB_Optimizer', 'create_exchange_rate_tables'));

// 定期清理旧数据
add_action('currency_daily_maintenance', array('Currency_DB_Optimizer', 'cleanup_old_data'));


### 4.4 监控与日志记录

完善的监控系统能帮助及时发现和解决问题：

// 货币转换监控类
class Currency_Conversion_Monitor {

private static $instance;
private $log_table;

private function __construct() {
    global $wpdb;
    $this->log_table = $wpdb->prefix . 'currency_conversion_logs';
    $this->create_log_table();
}

public static function get_instance() {
    if (null === self::$instance) {
        self::$instance = new self();
    }
    return self::$instance;
}

private function create_log_table() {
    global $wpdb;
    
    $charset_collate = $wpdb->get_charset_collate();
    
    $sql = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS {$this->log_table} (
        log_id bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
        session_id varchar(32) NOT NULL,
        user_id bigint(20) DEFAULT 0,
        original_price decimal(12,2) NOT NULL,
        converted_price decimal(12,2) NOT NULL,
        from_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        to_currency varchar(3) NOT NULL,
        exchange_rate decimal(12,6) NOT NULL,
        conversion_source varchar(50) DEFAULT 'api',
        ip_address varchar(45) DEFAULT '',
        user_agent text,
        page_url varchar(500) DEFAULT '',
        conversion_time datetime DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
        response_time float DEFAULT 0,
        success tinyint(1) DEFAULT 1,
        error_message text,
        cache_hit tinyint(1) DEFAULT 0,
        PRIMARY KEY (log_id),
        KEY session_id (session_id),
        KEY conversion_time (conversion_time),
        KEY currency_pair (from_currency, to_currency),
        KEY success (success),
        KEY user_id (user_id)
    ) $charset_collate;";
    
    require_once(ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes
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